Table of Contents
International Law
Updated February 18, 2025
3 min read
International law governs the legal framework for relations between nations, international organizations, and individuals on a global scale. It encompasses treaties, agreements, and customary practices that regulate diplomatic relations, trade, human rights, and conflict resolution. This guide provides an overview of international law, its key principles, and its role in global governance.
What Is International Law?
International law refers to a system of rules and principles that guide relations between countries and international entities. It ensures cooperation, maintains peace and security, and upholds fundamental rights. Common areas of international law include:
- Human rights law – Protects fundamental freedoms and rights of individuals.
- Trade and commercial law – Regulates international trade and business transactions.
- Environmental law – Addresses global environmental protection and climate agreements.
- Law of war (International humanitarian law) – Governs conduct in armed conflicts.
- Diplomatic and consular law – Defines the legal rights and duties of diplomats and embassies.
International Courts and Tribunals
Disputes arising under international law are often resolved in specialized courts, including:
- International Court of Justice (ICJ) – Settles disputes between nations.
- International Criminal Court (ICC) – Prosecutes individuals for crimes against humanity, genocide, and war crimes.
- World Trade Organization (WTO) Dispute Settlement Body – Resolves international trade disputes.
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